3 C
Philadelphia
spot_img
Inicio Blog Página 1324

EEUU observa el feriado por el Día de la Emancipación, Juneteenth

Pamela Junior, directora de The Two Mississippi Museums, habla sobre las raíces históricas de Juneteenth, mientras se encuentra frente a una de las exhibiciones en el Museo de Derechos Civiles de Mississippi, el 16 de junio de 2022, en Jackson. (Foto: VOA)

“Mientras que el 4 de julio es la celebración de la libertad de Estados Unidos, el Juneteenth es una celebración de la libertad de los afroamericanos después de la Guerra Civil”, dijo Jesse Holland, autor e historiador negro.

Sam Roberts y su familia planearon para el Juneteenth el día festivo más nuevo de los Estados Unidos que conmemora la emancipación de los negros esclavizados en 1865 al final de la Guerra Civil.

El domingo, la familia Roberts y otros estadounidenses asistieron a celebraciones y actos. Es parte de un creciente reconocimiento nacional de un momento crucial en la historia de EEUU que ha sido parte del tejido de la cultura negra durante generaciones.

“El 19 de junio es nuestro Día de la Libertad y las comunidades afroamericanas han estado celebrando el 19 de junio durante mucho tiempo”, dijo Roberts, padre de dos hijos de Washington, D.C. Es la segunda celebración nacional del feriado desde que el Congreso lo autorizó y el presidente Joe Biden firmó la Ley del Día de la Independencia Nacional Juneteenth se convirtió en ley el año pasado.

“Mientras que el 4 de julio es la celebración de la libertad de Estados Unidos, el Juneteenth es una celebración de la libertad de los afroamericanos después de la Guerra Civil”, dijo Jesse Holland, autor e historiador negro.

Durante una ceremonia frente a la réplica del barco de esclavos Amistad, el gobernador de Connecticut, Ned Lamont, habla el 10 de junio de 2022 en New London, Connecticut, antes de firmar una copia de la legislación que establece un nuevo feriado estatal legal el 19 de junio que se conocerá como el Día de la Emancipación, Juneteenth. (Foto: VOA)

El impulso para un feriado federal del 19 de junio se produjo en medio de la popularidad del movimiento Black Lives Matter y un año después de las protestas en todo el país contra el racismo y la brutalidad policial. Siguió al asesinato del afroamericano George Floyd por un oficial de policía de Minneapolis en 2020. Desde entonces, la celebración anual ha adquirido un nuevo significado para algunos en la comunidad negra.

“Juneteenth les recuerda a los afroamericanos que todavía enfrentamos los desafíos del odio y la discriminación que soportaron nuestros antepasados”, dijo Roberts. “Tenemos que redoblar nuestra búsqueda de la igualdad”.

Algunos historiadores creen que una mayor conciencia de Juneteenth fomentará conversaciones más progresistas entre los estadounidenses sobre las relaciones raciales y los legados de la esclavitud.

Una encuesta nacional de opinión pública sugiere que la mayoría de los estadounidenses cree que los negros de hoy se han visto afectados por la historia de la esclavitud y que el gobierno federal tiene la responsabilidad de abordar esos efectos, según la encuesta del Gallup Center on Black Voices.

Además, la encuesta encontró que los estadounidenses que piensan que el gobierno es responsable generalmente creen que todos los estadounidenses negros, en lugar de solo los descendientes de esclavos, deberían beneficiarse de los programas para abordar los efectos de la esclavitud.

“No todos los afroamericanos en los Estados Unidos son descendientes de esclavos, pero para la gran mayoría de nosotros que lo somos, Juneteenth es el momento para que hagamos un balance de quiénes somos hoy, de dónde venimos y los sacrificios por los que pasaron nuestros antepasados. antes y después de la Guerra Civil”, dijo Holland a la VOA.

Declaraciones de libertad

El presidente de los Estados Unidos, Abraham Lincoln, emitió la Proclamación de Emancipación en 1863, una declaración posterior al final de la Guerra Civil que liberó legalmente a más de tres millones de negros esclavizados en los Estados Confederados. Pero no todos los esclavos eran libres porque la proclamación no podía implementarse en partes del sur de los Estados Unidos.

Para hacer cumplir la proclamación, el mayor general del Ejército de la Unión, Gordon Granger, marchó a Galveston, Texas, el 19 de junio de 1865, para emitir la “Orden General Número 3”, que puso fin a la esclavitud de los negros en Texas. El mandato liberó a unos 250.000 esclavos dos años y medio después de la firma de la Proclamación de Emancipación.

Jasmine Kingi, izquierda, 26, y Robin Renee Green, 26, ambas de Los Ángeles, celebran mientras participan en un desfile de autos para conmemorar Juneteenth, el 19 de junio de 2021, en Inglewood, California. (Foto: VOA/Archivo)

“Los texanos blancos sabían que la Guerra Civil había [terminado] y que la esclavitud estaba prohibida, pero no les dijeron a sus esclavos que la guerra había terminado durante años [para] continuar obteniendo trabajo gratuito de ellos”, dijo Holland. “Juneteenth es cuando la mentira terminó y las fuerzas federales aparecieron para hacer cumplir la nueva ley federal que decía que la esclavitud era ilegal en los Estados Unidos”.

Si bien el Juneteenth se celebra como el fin de la esclavitud, la práctica de la servidumbre involuntaria continuó brevemente en los estados de Delaware y Kentucky. El 6 de diciembre de 1865, la ratificación de la Decimotercera Enmienda a la Constitución abolió la esclavitud en los Estados Unidos.

Conciencia sobre Juneteenth

Los primeros eventos que conmemoran el 19 de junio datan de 1866, cuando los antiguos esclavos celebraron su nueva libertad con oraciones, banquetes, canciones y bailes. El aniversario vio una disminución en la popularidad en las décadas de 1950 y 1960 cuando los estadounidenses negros se enfocaron en el movimiento de derechos civiles y terminaron con la discriminación racial. Juneteenth experimentó un renacimiento en la década de 1980 cuando Texas se convirtió en el primer estado en declarar la fecha como feriado estatal. Otras comunidades en los EEUU lentamente comenzaron a adoptar la celebración anual como feriado público.

Gran parte del éxito en la obtención de apoyo para un feriado nacional se atribuye a la activista afroamericana Opal Lee, conocida como “la abuela de Juneteenth”. Cuando era niña, Lee fue testigo de cómo un grupo de 500 supremacistas blancos destrozaban y quemaban la casa de su familia hasta los cimientos. El momento que cambió su vida la llevó a una vida de enseñanza y activismo.

En 2016, a los 89 años, comenzó una campaña de caminatas, viajando cientos de kilómetros desde su ciudad natal de Fort Worth, Texas, hasta Washington, D.C., para presionar por un feriado federal del 19 de junio. A los 95 años, Lee está encantada de que Juneteenth esté atrayendo la atención nacional. Marchó de nuevo el domingo para celebrar la festividad.

“Es importante que la gente reconozca Juneteenth”, dijo Lee en una entrevista con D Magazine el mes pasado. “No es algo negro, no es solo algo de Texas, sino que se trata de libertad para todos”.

Las celebraciones del 19 de junio de hoy a menudo incluyen festivales de música, desfiles o una marcha. Las celebraciones también se centran en las enseñanzas sobre la herencia afroamericana, la participación política y el empoderamiento económico.

“El 19 nos reunimos para comidas al aire libre, baile y compartimos historias de la experiencia negra”, dijo Roberts a la VOA. Su familia ha asistido a las festividades del diecinueve de junio durante décadas. “Este año tenemos dos días de eventos el domingo y el lunes, el día en que cae el feriado federal”, dijo. La festividad se ha convertido en un ritual de verano para los Roberts y una de las pocas festividades que observan.

En Utah, Juneteenth se designa como feriado estatal por primera vez después de que los legisladores aprobaran un proyecto de ley a principios de este año. “Estoy muy emocionada de vernos, como estado, abrazar este día festivo”, dijo la legisladora del estado de Utah, Sandra Hollins. “Para mí significa mucho. Significa que mi cultura importaba y significa que podemos celebrar una festividad que se ha pasado por alto en este estado”. Varias festividades se llevarán a cabo en la capital, Salt Lake City.

Casi todos los 50 estados de EEUU y el Distrito de Columbia ahora observan el Juneteenth. El historiador Holland cree que es una clara señal de reconocimiento y aceptación nacional.

“Juneteenth es historia estadounidense y todos deberían poder celebrarlo, incluidas personas de todas las razas, colores y credos”.

Unlikely duo: Pennsylvania Democrats aim for united front

Pennsylvania Lt. Gov. John Fetterman visits with people attending a Democratic Party event for candidates to meet and collect signatures for ballot petitions for the upcoming Pennsylvania primary election, at the Steamfitters Technology Center in Harmony, Pa., March 4, 2022. The fate of the Democratic Party is intertwined in a pair of Pennsylvania elections that’ll be closely watched this year. John Fetterman could help the party keep control of the Senate. (Photo: AP/Keith Srakocic,/File)

Marc Levy

HARRISBURG, Pa. — One candidate is unabashedly blunt, willing to embrace progressive positions, doing little to build rapport with party leaders and dominating rooms with a 6-foot-8-inch frame. The other crafts a more moderate image, a deliberate public speaker who became a congressional aide out of college and has carefully cultivated relationships within the party ever since.

In both style and substance, John Fetterman and Josh Shapiro strike dramatically different profiles.

Yet their fate — and that of the Democratic Party — is intertwined in a pair of Pennsylvania elections that will be among the most closely watched in the U.S.

Fetterman offers Democrats their clearest path to picking up a U.S. Senate seat, which could go a long way in helping the party keep control of the chamber.

Shapiro, meanwhile, poses even larger existential questions as he faces a Republican rival for governor who has embraced conspiracies about the last presidential election and would have significant influence over running the next one in the premier battleground state.

“The stakes have never been higher, the contrast has never been clearer,” Shapiro told state Democratic Party committee members at their Saturday meeting in Gettysburg. “This commonwealth has the power to decide whether we have the 51st senator. This commonwealth has the power to decide whether the great experiment that started in the city of Philadelphia 245 years ago continues.”

With the stakes so high, Fetterman and Shapiro are working toward a united front ahead of the fall election.

They are participating in a coordinated campaign funded and run by national and state party organizations, including the Democratic National Committee, Democratic Governors Association and the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee.

Together, these groups could send more money to Pennsylvania than anywhere else to register and persuade voters as part of what the state party calls “the largest and earliest midterm coordinated campaign in Pennsylvania history.»

Such help from national organizations may be badly needed in a big swing state.

After backing Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential campaign, Pennsylvania swung to Joe Biden in 2020 — but only by about 1 percentage point. And Democrats gearing up for the 2022 campaign are already facing huge challenges.

Fetterman suffered a stroke just days before winning his party’s nomination for the Senate race last month and has not yet returned to the campaign trail, or given much indication when he will do so. And both candidates will be running in a difficult environment for Democrats, weighed down by Biden’s unpopularity and rising prices for everyday goods, food and gasoline.

Aides to both campaigns say the coordination has already begun.

Fetterman’s and Shapiro’s campaigns say they have been in touch often, and Shapiro said he has texted with Fetterman since Fetterman’s stroke.

Campaign aides say they expect the men will appear together at bigger events, such as rallies, regional campaign office openings or party events to raise money, help boost turnout or highlight down-ticket candidates.

Earlier this month, Fetterman’s wife, Gisele, stood in for him at an event with Shapiro where they spoke at the opening of a coordinated campaign office in Pittsburgh.

“I look forward to getting John out here, and I know he’s chomping at the bit to get out, too,” Shapiro said Friday. Fetterman’s campaign said in a statement that “we look forward” to campaigning with Shapiro and helping other Democrats on the fall ballot.

For now, Fetterman’s health hangs over the campaign amid questions his whether he has been honest about the severity of his condition.

Fetterman’s neurologists and cardiologist have not taken questions from reporters, and the campaign took three weeks after the stroke to disclose that he also had a serious heart condition.

Republican campaign coordination is run through the Republican National Committee, but the party’s top-of-the-ticket candidates — celebrity heart surgeon turned Senate candidate Dr. Mehmet Oz and gubernatorial nominee Doug Mastriano — are making no firm commitments so far to campaigning together.

In a statement, Oz’s campaign said he “supports the Republican ticket in Pennsylvania because he believes we’ve got to send a message to Joe Biden about inflation, gas prices, and the out of control crime problem» and “looks forward to seeing (Mastriano) out on the trail this summer.”

The campaigns haven’t said whether Oz and Mastriano have even met, other than exchanging text messages after their respective primary victories. Mastriano’s campaign did not respond to questions.

Mastriano is viewed warily by party leaders and campaign strategists. He has spread Trump’s lies about widespread election fraud in the 2020 presidential election and was a leading proponent in Pennsylvania of Trump’s drive to overturn the result. He also was in the crowd outside the U.S. Capitol during the Jan. 6, 2021, attack by Trump supporters after attending the “Stop the Steal” rally nearby.

If they do campaign together, it may be uncomfortable: Mastriano, a state senator, endorsed a rival to Oz in the primary and criticized Oz on the campaign trail, suggesting at one point that Oz is really a liberal and a carpetbagger — a nod to Oz moving from his longtime home in New Jersey to run in Pennsylvania.

Plus, before Mastriano was elected to the state Senate in 2019, he repeatedly posted Islamophobic material on Facebook. Oz is Muslim.

In a statement, the RNC said it has been “on the ground” in Pennsylvania since 2016, training and mobilizing activists, registering voters, opening offices and working with the state party and its nominees.

For now, Republicans are trying to paint Fetterman and Shapiro as extreme, but also zeroed in on Fetterman’s stroke in a digital ad, suggesting he has not been honest about the effects of it.

“Has John Fetterman been telling the truth about his health?” says a narrator in the digital ad by the National Republican Senatorial Committee.

Democrats insist they aren’t worried about Fetterman recovering from the stroke, and Colleen Guiney, the party chair in Delaware County, said it will only be talked about as a distraction from important issues, such as Republican attempts to destroy the county’s democracy and render the Senate dysfunctional through the filibuster.

Fetterman has avoided media interviews as party leaders — including Biden — try to assure rank-and-file Democrats that Fetterman is fine and will be able to resume campaigning soon.

“I know he can’t wait to get back on the trail,” Biden said during remarks at last week’s AFL-CIO convention in Philadelphia. “He’s looking good.”

Fetterman and his wife gave a 90-second video address played Saturday at the state party’s committee meeting in Gettysburg. In it, Fetterman stressed the Shapiro-Fetterman ticket to go up against “the Oz-Mastriano extreme, bizarre and dangerous ticket.”

“I’m so proud to be one part of the ticket here,» Fetterman said. «And this year we have Josh Shapiro to be our next governor. And let me just let you know that we will be back very soon, to be back up to 100% to be back in every one of our 67 counties, because Josh and I have always been committed to a full every-67-county campaign.”

Shapiro and Fetterman have a political relationship going back to at least 2016, when Fetterman hosted a fundraiser for Shapiro at his home in Braddock.

Still, Shapiro and Fetterman have at times had a strained relationship over conflicting stances on the state pardons board — and a report just days before the primary election by The Philadelphia Inquirer underscored that.

Citing unnamed people as the source, the Inquirer reported that Fetterman had threatened a couple of years ago to run for governor against Shapiro — unless Shapiro voted for certain applicants in front of the pardons board.

Shapiro did, but has denied that politics drove his votes or that any such conversation with Fetterman ever happened, and a spokesperson for the attorney general’s office called the claim “nothing short of outrageous.” Fetterman has been silent about it.

Democrats say it is not a point of discussion among activists, and they are rather focused on what is on the line in the Nov. 8 election.

That election is about choosing between candidates “who are working for effective government that will serve all of our communities,” Guiney said, and candidates aligned with “people who are willing to sacrifice the fundamental fabric of our democracy for their personal gain.”

Philippine government attorney fatally shot in Philadelphia

PHILADELPHIA. — Philippine officials on Monday were mourning a government attorney fatally shot in Philadelphia and called for the perpetrator to be brought to justice.

John Albert Laylo and his mother were heading to the airport to board a flight early Saturday when someone in a black car fired several rounds into their Uber at a red light near the University of Pennsylvania, police said. Laylo was shot in the back of the head and taken to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead Sunday, police said.

Philippine Consul General Elmer Cato met Laylo’s mother at the hospital and said she was slightly injured by glass fragments during the shooting.

It wasn’t clear if the Uber driver was injured. No one has been arrested. Authorities did not disclose a suspected motive or say whether Laylo, his mother or the Uber driver were intentionally targeted. Homicide detectives are investigating and are looking for surveillance video.

The consulate general of the Philippines said the victim was an attorney for its government, Philadelphia’s KYW-TV reported.

Cato said he assured Laylo’s mother the Philippine government will help in bringing his remains back home. “We are also in touch with police authorities and have underscored the importance of our request for them to bring the perpetrator of this incident to justice,” Cato said in a statement.

Laylo, 35, had worked in Manila as a legislative staffer for opposition Sen. Leila de Lima from 2016 to 2018 then left to take up graduate studies. “He was so young and still full of dreams,” de Lima said Monday in Manila and expressed hope the suspect would immediately be held to account “for the brutal and senseless act.”

Laylo’s mother posted to Facebook on Sunday, saying she had been on vacation with her son, whom she referred to as Jal.

“Never did I imagine or dream that … the end of our vacation will be like this!” Leah Bustamante Laylo wrote in a post accompanied by snapshots of her and her son touring sites in New York, Washington and Philadelphia. “We travelled together and we are supposed to go home together! I will bring him home soon in a box!”

Cato, who is based in New York, said the mother and son were on their way to Philadelphia International Airport to catch a flight to Chicago, then were to fly to California en route to Manila.

They were in Philadelphia to visit his cousin and the shooting happened about five minutes after Laylo and his mother left his cousin’s apartment, Cato said.

Philadelphia, along with other large U.S. cities, is experiencing a surge in gun violence. In one notable episode June 4, a gun melee in the South Street entertainment district, about 3 miles (5 kilometers) from the shooting that killed Laylo, left three people dead and several others injured.

Escuchar y aprender: la prioridad del nuevo Superintendente

Tony Watlington meets the public in a town hall at Philadelphia School District headquarters in March. Watlington is the new Philadelphia superintendent. (Photo: TOM GRALISH / Staff Photographer)

El 16 de junio, Tony B. Watlington prestó juramento como el nuevo superintendente del Distrito Escolar de Filadelfia. El Dr. Watlington expresó su compromiso de aprender sobre la ciudad de Filadelfia y su distrito escolar escuchando y aprendiendo. El Distrito también publicó el plan del Dr. Watlington para sus primeros 100 días, que describe su plan para involucrar a una amplia gama de partes interesadas en más de 80 sesiones de escucha y aprendizaje para ayudar a informar cómo el Distrito avanza colectivamente.

“Al aceptar el increíble honor de convertirme en superintendente del Distrito Escolar de Filadelfia, participaré en conversaciones y acciones estratégicas, reflexivas y centradas en la equidad para identificar qué se está haciendo bien actualmente y qué necesita mejorar”, dijo el superintendente Watlington. “Filadelfia es una ciudad vibrante con un talento extraordinario y recursos colectivos. Espero poder interactuar con una amplia gama de habitantes de Filadelfia para aprender y escuchar lo que se necesita para ayudar a todos nuestros diversos estudiantes a prosperar”.

Se planificarán más de 80 sesiones de escucha y aprendizaje y otras oportunidades de evaluación estratégica hasta septiembre de 2022. Estos esfuerzos se centrarán en cinco áreas prioritarias, cada una con un objetivo específico y pasos de acción:

 1) Evaluar el bienestar de los estudiantes y el personal, con el objetivo de abordar los problemas de seguridad y bienestar de los estudiantes y el personal. El documento establece que esos problemas deben abordarse como un esfuerzo de colaboración, convocando a las partes interesadas clave de la oficina del alcalde, el Concejo Municipal, la comunidad empresarial, los vecindarios y las escuelas locales para crear una red de seguridad para que los estudiantes y el personal aprendan y crezcan. Una invitación y acceso a mayores oportunidades para que los estudiantes participen en actividades saludables y significativas que ayudarán a fomentar una mentalidad positiva y que puedan ver la gran cantidad de oportunidades que Filadelfia les ofrece para convertirse en ciudadanos productivos.

 2) Involucrar a las partes interesadas del Distrito; incluidos, entre otros, estudiantes, familias, personal, líderes municipales y estatales, sindicatos, universidades, activistas, organizaciones de base y líderes empresariales.

3) Evaluar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje con el objetivo de garantizar que los maestros y las escuelas tengan lo que necesitan para priorizar la enseñanza y el aprendizaje de alta calidad.

4) Evaluar la capacidad de liderazgo del Distrito y la alineación con la meta de nutrir un equipo altamente efectivo que incorpore una cultura profesional, colaborativa, orientada a resultados y de alto rendimiento.

 5) Evaluar las operaciones, las instalaciones y las finanzas del Distrito, ya que se considera fundamental que las operaciones y las finanzas se alineen con la política de la Junta y representen excelencia y transparencia. Cada división será evaluada para determinar cómo maximiza el apoyo y los servicios a las escuelas utilizando un modelo de mejora continua. Además, se evaluarán los problemas de profundidad de las instalaciones.

Los Primeros 100 días de escucha y aprendizaje del Dr. Watlington darán como resultado un informe con hallazgos y recomendaciones que ayudarán a guiar el trabajo del Distrito en el futuro. Más información sobre los primeros 100 días está disponible en https://www.philasd.org/100days/

En el sitio web, el público puede acceder a una encuesta para compartir comentarios, ver el calendario de sesiones de escucha y aprendizaje, registrarse para sesiones clave, realizar un seguimiento del progreso de 100 días del Dr. Watlington y descargar la versión en PDF de los primeros 100 días en varios idiomas.

Juneteenth celebrations emphasize ending racial disparities

Daisa Chantel kisses Anthony Beltran as they take a picture to celebrate Juneteenth at Leimert Park in Los Angeles on Saturday, June 18, 2022. (Photo: AP/Damian Dovarganes)

Dallas, Texas. — After Opal Lee led hundreds in a walk through her Texas hometown to celebrate Juneteenth this weekend, the 95-year-old Black woman who helped successfully push for the holiday to get national recognition said it’s important that people learn the history behind it.

“We need to know so people can heal from it and never let it happen again,” said Lee, whose 2 1/2-mile (4-kilometer) walk through Fort Worth symbolizes the 2 1/2 years it took after President Abraham Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation ending slavery in the Southern states for the enslaved people in Texas to be freed.

A year after President Joe Biden signed legislation making June 19 the nation’s 12th federal holiday, people across the U.S. gathered at events filled with music, food and fireworks. Celebrations also included an emphasis on learning about history and addressing racial disparities. Many Black people celebrated the day just as they did before any formal recognition.

Juneteenth, also known as Freedom Day, commemorates the day in 1865 when Union soldiers arrived in Galveston, Texas, to order freedom for the enslaved people of the state — two months after the Confederacy had surrendered in the Civil War.

“Great nations don’t ignore their most painful moments,” Biden said in a statement Sunday. “They confront them to grow stronger. And that is what this great nation must continue to do.”

A Gallup Poll found that Americans are more familiar with Juneteenth than they were last year, with 59% saying they knew “a lot” or “some” about the holiday compared with 37% a year ago in May. The poll also found that support for making Juneteenth part of school history lessons increased from 49% to 63%.

Yet many states have been slow to designate it as an official holiday. Lawmakers in Mississippi, South Carolina, Tennessee and elsewhere failed to advance proposals this year that would have closed state offices and given most of their public employees paid time off.

Celebrations in Texas included one at a Houston park created 150 years ago by a group of formerly enslaved men who bought the land. At times, it was the only public park available in the area to the Black community, according to the conservancy’s website.

“They wanted a place that they could not only have their celebration, but they could do other things during the year as a community,” said Jacqueline Bostic, vice chairwoman of the board for the Emancipation Park Conservancy and the great-granddaughter of one of the park’s founders, the Rev. Jack Yates.

This weekend’s celebration included performances from The Isley Brothers and Kool & The Gang. In the weeks leading up to Juneteenth, the park hosted discussions on topics ranging from health care to policing to the role of green spaces.

Participants included Robert Stanton, the first African American to serve as director of the National Park Service, and Philonise Floyd, the brother of George Floyd, who grew up in the historically Black neighborhood where the park is located and whose killing by a Minneapolis police officer two years ago sparked protests worldwide.

As more people learn about Juneteenth, “we want to harness that and use this moment as a tool to educate people about history and not just African American history but American history,” said Ramon Manning, chairman of the board for the Emancipation Park Conservancy.

In Fort Worth, celebrations included the Bill Pickett Invitational Rodeo, named for the Black cowboy who is credited with introducing bulldogging, or steer wrestling. The rodeo’s president and CEO, Valeria Howard Cunningham, said children often express surprise that there are real Black cowboys and cowgirls.

More young people have become involved in planning Juneteenth events, said Torrina Harris, program director for the Nia Cultural Center in Galveston, the holiday’s birthplace.

Juneteenth provides an opportunity to reflect on “the different practices or norms that are contradicting the values of freedom” and consider how to challenge those things, Harris said.

Some of the largest city celebrations from Los Angeles to Chicago to Miami not only touched on the history of slavery in America, but also celebrated Black culture, business and food.

In Phoenix, hundreds of people gathered for an annual event at Eastlake Park, which has been a focal point for civil rights in Arizona. The recently crowned Miss Juneteenth Arizona used her platform to speak about how she felt empowered during the state pageant, which is part of a nationwide competition that showcases and celebrates the academic and artistic achievements of Black women.

It’s a “moment to build up sisterhood, it’s not about competing against each other for a crown, it’s about celebrating Black women’s intelligence and staying true to ourselves,” said Shaundrea Norman, 17, whose family is from Texas and grew up knowing about Juneteenth.

Kendall McCollun, 15-year-old Teen Miss Juneteenth Arizona, said the holiday is about the fight for social justice.

“We have to fight twice as hard to have the same freedoms that our ancestors fought for hundreds of years ago,” she said. “It’s important we continue to fight for my generation, and this day is important to celebrate how far we’ve come.»

The event featured performances by Kawambe-Omowale African Drum & Dance and speeches from politicians about ways residents could get involved in local politics as children received balloon animals and ran through Eastlake Park’s playground.

In New York City, Juneteenth was celebrated across its five boroughs, with events drawing crowds that exceeded organizers’ expectations. In central Brooklyn, well over 7,000 people attended a food festival organized Saturday and Sunday by Black-Owned Brooklyn, a digital publication and directory of local Black businesses.

Although Juneteenth is a Black American holiday, organizers of the festival said they were intentional about including cuisines and flavors from Caribbean and West African countries. On Sunday, long lines formed from nearly every food stall, while a DJ played soulful house music for festively dressed attendees.

“The idea to celebrate Juneteenth around our food culture is particularly meaningful here in Brooklyn, where we have so many Black folks who live here from across the world,” said Tayo Giwa, co-creator of Black-Owned Brooklyn.

“Paying tribute to it through our shared connection in the (African) diaspora, it’s really powerful,” he said.

The event was held at the Weeksville Heritage Center, which was one of the largest Black communities for freedmen before the Civil War. Attendees were given guided tours of the grounds, which includes historic homes and other structures that were once inhabited by the community’s founders.

“For a day that’s about emancipation, it only makes sense to have people gather on this land and feed each other not just with food but also spirit and soul, emotion and love,” said Isa Saldaña, programs and partnerships manager for the Weeksville Heritage Center.

“A big part of (Juneteenth) is about learning to be free and feeling okay doing that,” she said.

Jeffrey Whaley Sr. attended the festival with his three children on Sunday, which was also Father’s Day. The Staten Island, New York, native said he was hopeful that federal observances of Juneteenth would increase awareness of the Black American story in the U.S.

“As each of us grows, we have to grow in the consciousness that we suffered a lot longer than they’re telling us we did,” Whaley said. “It’s our duty to our ancestors to make sure we educate ourselves and better ourselves within this country, because this country owes us a whole lot.”

Ex-rebel wins runoff to be Colombia’s 1st leftist president

Gustavo Petro, presidential candidate with the Historical Pact coalition, shows his ballot before voting in a presidential runoff in Bogota, Colombia, Sunday, June 19, 2022. (Photo: AP/Fernando Vergara)

Bogotá, Colombia. — Former rebel Gustavo Petro narrowly won a runoff election over a political outsider millionaire Sunday, ushering in a new era of politics for Colombia by becoming the country’s first leftist president.

Petro, a senator in his third attempt to win the presidency, got 50.48% of the votes, while real estate magnate Rodolfo Hernández had 47.26%, with almost all ballots counted, according to results released by election authorities.

Petro’s victory underlined a drastic change in presidential politics for a country that has long marginalized the left for its perceived association with the armed conflict. Petro himself was once a rebel with the now-defunct M-19 movement and was granted amnesty after being jailed for his involvement with the group.

“Today is a day of celebration for the people. Let them celebrate the first popular victory,” Petro tweeted. “May so many sufferings be cushioned in the joy that today floods the heart of the Homeland.”

Petro issued a call for unity during his victory speech and extended an olive branch to some of his harshest critics, saying all members of the opposition will be welcomed at the presidential palace “to discuss the problems of Colombia.”

“From this government that is beginning there will never be political persecution or legal persecution, there will only be respect and dialogue,” he said, adding that he will listen to not only those who have raised arms but also to “that silent majority of peasants, Indigenous people, women, youth.”

Outgoing conservative President Iván Duque congratulated Petro shortly after results were announced, and Hernández quickly conceded his defeat.

“I accept the result, as it should be, if we want our institutions to be firm,” Hernández said in a video on social media. “I sincerely hope that this decision is beneficial for everyone.”

Colombia also elected its first Black woman to be vice president. Petro’s running mate, Francia Márquez, is a lawyer and environmental leader whose opposition to illegal mining has resulted in threats and a grenade attack in 2019.

The vote came amid widespread discontent over rising inequality, inflation and violence — factors that led voters in the election’s first round last month to turn their backs on long-governing centrist and right-leaning politicians and choose two outsiders in Latin America’s third-most populous nation.

Petro’s showing was the latest leftist political victory in Latin America fueled by voters’ desire for change. Chile, Peru and Honduras elected leftist presidents in 2021, and in Brazil, former President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva is leading the polls for this year’s presidential election.

“What I do think it shows is that the strategy of fear, hate and stigmatization towards the left no longer works as a policy to win voters,” said Elizabeth Dickinson, senior analyst for Colombia at the firm International Crisis Group.

But the results were an immediate reason to fret for some voters whose closest reference to a leftist government is the troubled neighboring Venezuela.

“We hope that Mr. Gustavo Petro complies with what was said in his government plan, that he leads this country to greatness, which we need so much, and that (he) ends corruption,” said Karin Ardila García, a Hernández supporter in the north-central city of Bucaramanga. “That he does not lead to communism, to socialism, to a war where they continue to kill us in Colombia. … (H)e does not lead us to another Venezuela, Cuba, Argentina, Chile.”

About 21.6 million of the 39 million eligible voters cast a ballot Sunday. Abstentionism has been above 40% in every presidential election since 1990.

Petro, 62, will be officially declared winner after a formal count that will take a few days. Historically, the preliminary results have coincided with the final ones.

Several heads of state congratulated Petro on Sunday. So did a fierce critic, former President Álvaro Uribe, who remains a central figure in Colombia’s politics.

Polls ahead of the runoff had indicated Petro and Hernández — both former mayors — were in a tight race since they topped four other candidates in the initial May 29 election. Neither got enough votes to win outright and headed into the runoff.

Petro won 40% of the votes in the initial round and Hernández 28%, but the difference quickly narrowed as Hernández began to attract so-called anti-Petrista voters.

Petro has proposed ambitious pension, tax, health and agricultural reforms and changes to how Colombia fights drug cartels and other armed groups. But he will have a tough time delivering on his promises as he does not have a majority in Congress, which is key to carrying out reforms.

“The people who do support him have very high hopes, and they are probably going to be disappointed pretty quickly when he can’t move things right away,” said Adam Isacson, an expert on Colombia at the Washington Office on Latin America think tank.

“I think you might find a situation where he either has to strike some deals and give up a lot of his programs just to get some things passed or the whole country could be gridlocked,” Isacson added.

Petro is willing to resume diplomatic relations with Venezuela, which were halted in 2019. He also wants to make changes to Colombia’s relations with the United States by seeking a renegotiation of a free trade agreement and new solutions in the fight against drug trafficking.

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement that the Biden administration looks forward to working with Petro.

Hernández, who made his money in real estate, is not affiliated with any major political party and rejected alliances. His austere campaign, waged mostly on TikTok and other social media platforms, was self-financed and based mostly on a fight against corruption, which he blames for poverty and the loss of state resources that could be used on social programs.

Polls say most Colombians believe the country is heading in the wrong direction and disapprove of Duque, who was not eligible to seek reelection. The pandemic set back the country’s anti-poverty efforts by at least a decade. Official figures show that 39% of Colombia’s lived on less than $89 a month last year.

The rejection of politics as usual “is a reflection of the fact that the people are fed up with the same people as always,” said Nataly Amezquita, a 26-year-old civil engineer waiting to vote. “We have to create greater social change. Many people in the country aren’t in the best condition.”

But even the two outsider candidates left her cold. She said she would cast a blank ballot: “I don’t like either of the two candidates. … Neither of them seems like a good person to me.”

Listening and Learning: the new Superintendent’s priority

Tony Watlington meets the public in a town hall at Philadelphia School District headquarters in March. Watlington is the new Philadelphia superintendent. (Photo: TOM GRALISH / Staff Photographer)

On June 16th, Tony B. Watlington Sr., Ed.D. was sworn in as the newest superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia. Dr. Watlington expressed his commitment to learning about the city of Philadelphia and the School District of Philadelphia through listening and learning. The District also released Dr. Watlington’s plan for his first 100 days, which outlines his plan to engage a wide range of stakeholders within more than 80 listening and learning sessions to help inform how the District moves forward collectively. 

“As I embrace the incredible honor of becoming superintendent of the School District of Philadelphia, I will engage in strategic, thoughtful, and equity-focused conversations and actions to identify what is currently being done well and what needs improvement,” said Superintendent Tony B. Watlington Sr., Ed.D. “Philadelphia is a vibrant city with extraordinary talent and collective resources. I look forward to engaging with a wide range of Philadelphians to learn and hear about what is needed to help all of our diverse learners flourish.”

More than 80 listening & learning sessions and other strategic assessment opportunities will be planned through September 2022. These efforts will focus on five priority areas, each with a specific goal and action steps. According to the PDF version of the First 100 Days, the description of the five priority areas includes:

1) Assess student and staff well-being, with the goal of approaching issues of safety and well-being of students and staff. The document states that those issues must be approached as a collaborative effort, convening key stakeholders from the Mayor’s office, City Council, the business community, neighborhoods, and local schools to create a safety net for students and staff to learn and grow. An invitation and access to increased opportunities for the students to engage in healthy, meaningful activities that will help foster positive mindsets and that they can see the wealth of opportunities Philadelphia offers them to become productive citizens. 2) Engage the District’s stakeholders; including, but not limited to students, families, staff, city and state leaders, unions, universities, activists, grassroots organizations, and business leaders.  3) Assess teaching and learning toward the goal of ensuring that teachers and schools have what they need to prioritize high-quality teaching and learning.  4) Assess District leadership capacity and alignment with the goal of nurturing a highly effective team that embodies a high-performing, collaborative, results-oriented and professional culture; and 5) Assess District operations, facilities, and finances, since it is considered as critical that operations and finance align with Board policy and represent excellence and transparency. Each division will be appraised to determine how they maximize support and services to schools using a continuous improvement model. Additionally, the depth of facilities issues will be assessed.

Dr. Watlington’s First 100 days of listening and learning will result in a report with findings and recommendations that will help guide the work of the District going forward. More information on the First 100 Days is available at  https://www.philasd.org/100days/

On the website, the public can access a survey to share feedback, view the calendar of listening & learning sessions, register for key sessions, track Dr. Watlington’s 100-day progress, and download the PDF version of the First 100 Days in numerous languages. 

El triunfo de Petro: “un giro de 180 grados” a las relaciones de Colombia y Venezuela

Partidarios del candidato presidencial Gustavo Petro, con la coalición Pacto Histórico, celebran después de que su candidato ganara una segunda vuelta presidencial en Bogotá, Colombia, el domingo 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: AP/Fernando Vergara)

El recién electo presidente de Colombia puede dar un giro en las relaciones con Venezuela, estiman analistas, y temen que Colombia deje de ser un país “atractivo” para el migrante venezolano.

Maracaibo, Venezuela. — La victoria del candidato izquierdista Gustavo Petro en las elecciones presidenciales de Colombia es “un giro de 180 grados” con respecto a las relaciones actuales entre ese país y Venezuela, según expertos.

El gobierno saliente de Iván Duque desconoció a Nicolás Maduro como presidente de Venezuela hace tres años y medio y reconoció como tal al líder opositor Juan Guaidó.

Con la victoria de Petro, habrá “un punto de quiebre” en las relaciones recientes de Colombia y Venezuela, considera Félix Gerardo Arellano, docente y articulista especializado en relaciones internacionales, “un giro de 180 grados” en la relación y cooperación entre Bogotá y Caracas.

“Será un cambio radical, profundo”, en comparación con la nula relación de Duque con Maduro y la positiva cooperación con la oposición venezolana, dijo.

A Petro y a Maduro, excanciller del fallecido mandatario y líder de la izquierda latinoamericana Hugo Chávez, “los unen valores ideológicos” que serán fundamentales para recomponer los vínculos entre ambas naciones, dijo Arellano a la Voz de América.

La manifestación más inmediata será reanudar relaciones a nivel de embajadores con el gobierno de su par venezolano, dijo el analista. La reapertura rápida de los consulados de ambos países es “fundamental” para el nuevo presidente colombiano, dijo Arellano.

Aproximación

La votación a favor de Petro “representa un mensaje claro a las reivindicaciones sociales que no se han atendido en los últimos años”, al menos según el electorado colombiano, opina Luis Angarita, docente de relaciones internacionales y económicas de la Universidad Central de Venezuela, quien subraya que las gestiones presidenciales anteriores tuvieron relaciones convulsas con Maduro y Chávez.

Oscar Arnal, especialista en relaciones internacionales y diputado electo por la oposición venezolana en 2015, opina que Petro podría simbolizar una aproximación positiva a la complejidad fronteriza binacional.

“Comprende la relación Colombia-Venezuela como alguien que estuvo en la guerrilla, que es importante. Entiende muy bien la frontera y sabe lo que significan los grupos irregulares», dijo.

Arnal subraya que el restablecimiento diplomático con Venezuela dependerá “más de Colombia” que de Maduro. La política diplomática del actual mandatario venezolano y de su predecesor ha sido “errática, de confrontación y agresiva” hacia sus pares colombianos.

Las relaciones entre Caracas y Bogotá también derivarán de “qué va a hacer” un Maduro más identificado con Petro que con su adversario electoral. “Puede haber una mejor relación» entre ambas naciones, agregó

Migración de venezolanos a Colombia en vilo

Otro tema complejo de las relaciones con Venezuela es la masiva migración de los últimos años. Se calcula que hay en Colombia 1,8 millones de migrantes, refugiados y desplazados venezolanos.

El presidente Duque otorgó tarjetas del Estatuto de Protección Temporal a un millón de venezolanos y registró a otros 800.000 interesados en obtenerlas, según cifras de su gobierno.

“Los dos candidatos (en Colombia) evidenciaban distancia con el tema de las migraciones”, comentó Arellano, quien considera que Colombia dejará de ser “un espacio atractivo y de apoyo” al migrante tras la victoria de Petro.

“Los migrantes pueden ser interpretados como enemigos del proceso bolivariano”, dijo Arellano, pueden ser vistos por el próximo presidente como millones de personas que huyen de un proyecto político aliado.

Gustavo Petro es el nuevo presidente de Colombia

Gustavo Petro (izquierda) su esposa, Verónica Alcocer, centro, y su compañera de fórmula, Francia Márquez, celebran después de ganar las elecciones presidenciales de segunda vuelta en Bogotá, Colombia, el domingo 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: AP/Fernando Vergara)

Los colombianos eligieron este domingo a Gustavo Petro como presidente, en la segunda vuelta electoral de una reñida contienda.

Bogotá, Colombia. El candidato izquierdista del Pacto Histórico, Gustavo Petro, es el nuevo presidente de Colombia, con un 50,47% de los votos (11.226.150) y el 99,25% de las mesas escrutadas.

Con un 47,27% (10.514.390 votos), el representante de la Liga de Gobernantes Anticorrupción, Rodolfo Hernández, fue derrotado en las urnas en la segunda vuelta de una reñida contienda.

Es la primera vez que Colombia tiene un presidente de izquierda.

En su primer tuit como presidente, Petro escribió: “Hoy es día de fiesta para el pueblo. Que festeje la primera victoria popular. Que tantos sufrimientos se amortigüen en la alegría que hoy inunda el corazón de la patria. Esta victoria para Dios y para el pueblo y su historia. Hoy es el día de las calles y las plazas”.

El Movistar Arena, uno de los escenarios culturales más importantes de Bogotá, se convirtió en una fiesta, con bailarina con trajes tradicionales recorriendo la tarima como antesala del discurso del presidente electo.

Desde allí, poco antes de las 8 p.m., Petro se dirigió a miles de seguidores que levantaron banderas de Colombia, del partido Pacto Histórico y de la comunidad indígena: “Gracias a todos ustedes en este día que indudablemente es histórico”, dijo.

No solo es la primera vez que un candidato de la izquierda triunfa en Colombia, sino que además por primera vez una mujer afrodescendiente, Francia Márquez, será la vicepresidenta.

El domingo, además, se registró la votación más alta en la historia del país: con un 58%, más de 22 millones de colombianos salieron a votar, un millón de votos más con respecto a la primera vuelta.

“Indudablemente aquí lo que ha ocurrido hoy con estos 11 millones de electoras y electores que votaron y nos trajeron a esta tarima y al gobierno de Colombia es un cambio”, dijo Petro en un discurso conciliador.

Partidarios celebran después de que el candidato presidencial de izquierda colombiano Gustavo Petro de la coalición del Pacto Histórico ganara la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales, en Cali, Colombia, el 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: VOA/David Lombeida)

“No vamos a traicionar a ese electorado que lo que le ha gritado al país, lo que le ha gritado precisamente a la historia es que, a partir de hoy, Colombia cambia, Colombia es otra. Un cambio real que nos conduce a algunos de los planteamientos que habíamos hecho en estas plazas públicas. La política de amor”, dijo. «No es un cambio para vengarnos. No es un cambio para construir más odios. No es un cambio para profundizar el sectarismo en la sociedad colombiana. El cambio consiste en dejar el odio atrás», agregó.

“Las elecciones más o menos mostraron dos Colombias, cercanas en términos de votos. Nosotros queremos que Colombia, en medio de su diversidad , sea una Colombia, no dos Colombias”, añadió el presidente electo.

Petro también abrió las puertas a la oposición: “No vamos a partir de este gobierno a utilizar el poder en función de destruir al oponente. Significa que nos perdonamos, significa que la oposición que tenderemos, que esa oposición bajo los liderazgos que quieran, será siempre bienvenida en el Palacio de Nariño para dialogar sobre los problemas de Colombia”.

Se refirió al Gran Acuerdo Nacional que ha propuesto y que pretende reunir a diferentes sectores, incluso polarizados, de su país y que será para “construir la paz».

«La paz es que alguien como yo pueda ser presidente o alguien como Francia pueda ser vicepresidenta, la paz es que dejemos de matarnos los unos de los otro. Desde el gobierno que se inicia el 7 de agosto comenzará la paz integral de Colombia”, agregó.

Partidarios del exguerrillero Gustavo Petro celebran después de que ganó la segunda vuelta en Bucaramanga, Colombia, el domingo 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: AP/Ivan Valencia)

Petro dijo que lo habían llamado para felicitarlo “casi todos los presidente de América Latina” y añadió que cree ahora sí puede proponer “un diálogo en las américas sin exclusiones de ningún pueblo, de ninguna nación”.

También le propuso al gobierno de Estados Unidos y al resto de la región “acelerar los pasos de la transición energética, los pasos de la construcción de una economía descarbonizada, los pasos de la construcción de una economía de la vida en toda América”.

Minutos antes de hablar Petro, el candidato Rodolfo Hernández reconoció la derrota: “Acepto el resultado, como debe ser si deseamos que nuestras instituciones sean firmes. Sinceramente, espero que esta decisión que han tomado sea beneficiosa para todos y Colombia se encamine hacia el cambio que predominó en el voto de la primera vuelta. Le deseo al doctor Gustavo Petro que sepa dirigir el país, que sea fiel a su discurso contra la corrupción y que no defraude a quienes confiaron en él”.

El presidente saliente, Iván Duque, dijo en Twitter que había llamado a Petro “para felicitarlo como presidente electo de los colombianos. Acordamos reunirnos en los próximos días para iniciar una transición armónica, institucional y transparente”.

¿Quién es el nuevo presidente de Colombia?

Gustavo Petro tiene 62 años. Fue alcalde de Bogotá (2012-2015), senador de la república y militó 12 años en el movimiento guerrillero M-19.

Estudió economía en la Universidad Externado de Colombia, está casado con Verónica Alcocer y tiene cinco hijos.

Es la tercera vez que Petro disputa la presidencia en Colombia.

En las pasadas elecciones, Iván Duque lo derrotó en las urnas, pero alcanzó una votación de un 42%.

Entre los ejes de su campaña, Petro propuso que las mujeres ocupen por lo menos la mitad de los cargos públicos en todos los niveles, con miras a abrir un camino para generar igualdad en todos los sectores del país.

También se centró en el cuidado del medio ambiente y el tránsito hacia una economía productiva, garantizar los derechos a la salud, alimentación, educación, pensión, seguridad, y el sector social, donde proyecta que la salud debe ser un elemento para la vida y no un negocio que destruya la vida.

Sobre el tema de pensiones, Petro propone entregar un bono pensional no contributivo de 500.000 pesos para quienes no acceden a pensión.

Sus iniciativas se centran en la justicia racial, la defensa de los derechos de las mujeres, los derechos humanos y el cuidado de la vida y el territorio.

Algunos opositores han señalado temores de que con Petro en el poder Colombia se pueda convertir en una «segunda Venezuela». Sin embargo, los analistas creen que esto es poco probable, debido a las diferencias institucionales, históricas y culturales con el vecino país.

Gustavo Petro, candidato presidencial de la coalición Pacto Histórico, saluda a su llegada para votar en una segunda vuelta presidencial en Bogotá, Colombia, el domingo 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: AP/Fernando Vergara)
Un soldado pasa junto a los votantes que hacen fila en un colegio electoral durante la segunda vuelta de las elecciones presidenciales en Bogotá, Colombia, el domingo 19 de junio de 2022. (Foto: AP/Jaime Saldarriaga)

4.057 millones de dólares por remesas entre enero y mayo

Desde España llegó el 6,4 % de las remesas recibidas en mayo, seguido por Haití (1,2 %) e Italia (0,8 %). Fotografía de archivo. (Foto: EFE/Ahmed Jalil)

La República Dominicana recibió 4.057 millones de dólares por concepto de remesas entre enero y mayo, 336 millones menos que en el mismo periodo del año pasado, según datos divulgados este domingo por el Banco Central de la República Dominicana (BCRD).  Las remesas de mayo sumaron 851 millones de dólares, «cifras que reafirman el establecimiento de un nuevo nivel de flujos de remesas mensuales» en torno a los 800 millones de dólares, destacó el banco emisor en un comunicado.

Las condiciones del mercado laboral de los Estados Unidos, donde residen más de 2 millones de personas de origen dominicano, es uno de los principales factores que sigue incidiendo sobre el comportamiento de las remesas, ya que desde ese país provino el 84,9 % de los flujos de mayo, agregó la información.

Desde España, país que alberga la mayor parte de los dominicanos en Europa, llegó el 6,4 % de las remesas recibidas en mayo, seguido por Haití (1,2 %) e Italia (0,8 %).

El resto de la recepción de remesas se divide entre países como Suiza, Canadá y Panamá. El Banco Central estima que las remesas alcancen este año los 10.000 millones de dólares.